Every year, raspberries are increasingly grown in gardens. There are many options for planting raspberries. Someone plants raspberries from cuttings, someone from full-fledged seedlings. You can plant raspberries in different ways and at different times, but it is best to choose spring.
Ways to plant raspberries
There are a great many ways of planting raspberries, and the choice depends on the personal desire of the gardener. Someone does not want to prepare the berry for planting for a long time, while someone is willing to spend a lot of time on it. Therefore, you can plant seedlings or cuttings.
The main difference between the cutting and the seedling is that the seedling has roots, and the cutting is just a clipped shoot. To plant a stalk, you need to spend a lot of time on this. The sapling is planted almost unchanged and the minimum time is spent on planting.
Bush planting method
If raspberries are planted in the bush method, the gap between each bush should be about 1.5 m. The depth of the hole in which the bush will be located should be 50 cm and the width should be 45-60 cm. Before planting, fertilize each hole:
- 4 kg of compost or humus;
- 40 g of ash;
- 12-20 g of saltpeter;
- 40 g of superphosphates.
After fertilizing, the soil must be mixed so that they are evenly distributed. Then place a bush in the pit. When planting, shake the seedling a little, which will help fill the interroot space with soil.
The bush can not be driven deep into the soil, otherwise its development will be very slow. But you can not plant a bush on the surface, root buds will dry out. You need to remember about watering the bush, and about compaction of the soil. Landing should be performed so that the root of the neck is at ground level.
In winter, raspberries need to be bent. You can bend both each shoot and the whole bush. Crush raspberries with something heavy, but in no case with stones or earth. The snow layer in winter should not be less than 50 cm, otherwise the bush will simply freeze and die.
Landing in the trench
This method of planting raspberries differs from the previous one in that it is more time-consuming. The gardener will need to spend more time planting, but the result will not be long in coming.
Before planting the berry, you need to carry out preliminary work with the soil:
- Clean the site of weeds.
- Mark the landings.
- Dig trenches up to 45 cm deep and 60 cm wide.
- Leave between 120 and 160 cm between rows. This indicator already depends on the characteristics of the development of the berry variety.
- At the bottom of the trench, lay a nourishing pillow of organic materials up to 10 cm thick. It will nourish and warm the raspberry.
- Lay the earth on top of the pillow, which in the future will help prevent decay.
In the presented video, the gardener talks about planting raspberries in a trench:
Under the trench it is better to determine the sunny area, the direction from north to south. In such conditions, the berry will be able to quickly take root and will give a large crop.
It’s best if two people plant raspberries in the trenches. One will hold a bush, the second to dig it up with the earth.
Also planting raspberries consists of the following steps:
- Spread the roots of the bush.
- Pour raspberries and cover it with earth.
- Compact the top layer of mail.
- It is important to maintain the planting depth - do not bury the seedling, but do not leave it on the surface.
- Strengthen the edges of the trench with sides, so that the earth will not crumble.
- At the end of the trench, install T-shaped supports; they will help the shrub not fall to the ground.
- Between the supports, pull the wire in two rows.
Before winter, raspberries also need to be prepared - bend the entire trench together, and not each bush individually.
Plant raspberries, like other shrubs, can be either in autumn or spring. The choice of season depends on the personal desire of the gardener. For raspberries, as well as for other fruit and berry bushes, the best season is autumn. It will ensure the flowering of raspberries in the spring and the harvest will be in the summer. But such an opportunity is not always present, and raspberries are often planted in the spring. This landing method has its certain pros and cons.
Planting a seedling
First of all, you need to choose a seedling. When choosing a seedling, pay attention to how its roots are developed. After the purchase, if you do not plant it immediately, then put it in water. For transportation you need to use a wet cloth and a bag. This will help to maintain moisture, and during the move, the seedling will survive.
It is best to use annual shoots cut to 30-40 cm for planting. The seedling is immediately placed in the ground and watered with water. You don’t have to do anything else.
Video review on planting raspberry seedlings in the spring see below:
Planting the cuttings
If the gardener decided to plant raspberry cuttings, then he must make a choice between root cuttings and green. Root cuttings are used if the stems of the plant are affected by something. Raspberry diseases rarely spread to the roots and therefore they can be used for reproduction.
In spring or autumn, dig out the subordinate root as carefully as possible. It is best if several branches are saved on it. Cut all healthy roots into pieces 8-10 cm long.
Raspberries can propagate from green cuttings also if the bush is sick with something. For propagation by green cuttings, select root offspring that were cut off during thinning of the shrub. These should be shoots up to 15 cm high with preserved leaves.
Pros and cons of spring planting raspberries
The advantages of such a landing include the following factors:
- After winter, the soil is saturated with minerals and the shrub will quickly form roots.
- The soil saturated with melt water will become a good helper for young roots.
- You can hardly water the bush, the soil is saturated with moisture after winter.
- Many pests in the spring only wake up from sleep and are not able to damage the berry.
- When summer comes, the roots are firmly rooted in the ground and can calmly survive the hot days.
The main disadvantage of planting raspberries in the spring is that the bush will not bear fruit in the year when it was planted. The first berries will appear only after a year.
Step-by-step instruction
If the gardener decided to plant raspberries in the spring, it is required to correctly conduct all stages of planting. Only in this case, the bush will take root and will give a large crop.
Seedling selection and preparation
The first stage is the most important, since the future growth of the berry will depend on the starting material. The best planting option is a bushy seedling with a well-developed root. It is such a seedling that will be able to gain a foothold in the ground very well the first time.
It is important to pay attention to the root. It should not have dry parts that break very easily. The buds on the seedling should be fresh, without dry parts, then raspberries can quickly take root. Sometimes a plant survives with dry buds, but this is an exception to the rule and it does not need to be followed.
The perfect time to land
It is best to plant raspberries in natural soil in the first spring months. The ideal time is the end of March or the beginning of April. Freezing is rare at this time and the soil is well saturated with organic matter and moisture. Raspberries planted during this period will grow well and will quickly form the root system.
Landing place
The place on the site where the raspberries will grow must have certain criteria:
- Plant raspberries so that the light reaches it as much as possible.
- The future shrub should be located in a place well protected from the wind.
- Raspberries should always have access to fresh moisture, so do not plant raspberries in places full of groundwater. Stagnant water should not get to the roots.
- Do not plant raspberries near currants. It has well-developed roots and will take some of the nutrients from raspberries.
- Plant the berry in a direction from north to south, then the bush will receive all the nutrients evenly.
If the place does not have all of the above criteria, then raspberries will grow, but the berries may be less fragrant and not very juicy.
Distance between seedlings
It is very important to control the distance between the bushes - at least 50 cm. But do not plant the bushes very far from each other, it will be inconvenient for further use of the bush.
Raspberries planted at a distance of 50 cm develop evenly. Bushes will not compete with each other. This distance is convenient for gardeners, it will be possible to walk freely between the bushes and loosen the ground or harvest.
Soil preparation
For raspberries, as well as for other fruit and berry bushes, it is very important in what soil the plant will grow. Light soils are best suited. As a rule, they are very rich in minerals. If there is no such land on the site, the soil will need to be fed with various fertilizers more than light soils.
It is best to prepare the ground in the fall, which will reduce the planting time in spring. Weeds must be removed and fertilizers applied. Flatten the ground and leave until spring. In such soil, the bush can quickly take root.
Well preparation
Instead of digging the entire plot, you can prepare individual holes for each bush in the fall. In each hole, as a result, there will be a bush of raspberries, and they will not interfere with each other. The dimensions of the hole - the depth and diameter should be 50 cm. If the hole is square, then the sides should also be 50 cm.
Remove the soil from the hole, mix it with fertilizer and return it back to the hole. Never tamp the ground. Leave until spring, young bushes will grow well in this hole and fill it all with their roots.
Top dressing
An equally important element in planting raspberries is fertilizer. They will affect the future growth of the berry. First of all, compost should be placed on the bottom of the hole, about 4 kg. Also raspberries need to be fertilized:
- 50 g of superphosphate;
- a glass of wood ash;
- 30-50 g of nitrogen fertilizers;
- 3 kg of manure
Top dressing is needed even in cases when the soil is fertile. If fertile soil is not fed, the bush grows large, but there will be few berries. It is fertilizers that can affect the taste of the crop and the size of the bush.
Raspberry care after planting
In the first year after planting, the raspberry roots only take root in a new place, so the bush needs special care:
- Around the seedling form a place for watering. Deepen the soil for this.
- Sprinkle the soil around the seedling with straw or other dry grass. Sawdust is good, which will protect the soil from drying out.
- Do not water the bush too often. But if the spring is full of rains, then this will only benefit the young raspberries.
- In the first year, do not feed raspberries, it is enough fertilizers made during planting.
Features landing in different regions
Previously, raspberries were planted only in central Russia, since there was the most suitable climate there. Today raspberries began to grow in almost all regions of Russia. This was made possible thanks to the fact that breeders bred varieties for almost every region, taking into account climatic features that greatly affect the future of raspberries.
We recommend reading the article on the best varieties of raspberries.
Ural
In the Urals, summer comes much later than in central Russia. There very often snow falls in March and April, and raspberries planted in March simply freeze under the snow. Therefore, raspberries in this region are often planted in late spring or early May, sometimes even in June.
Some varieties of raspberries in the Urals simply do not take root. Therefore, it is important to plant winter-hardy varieties. Raspberries of the Zorenka Altai and Vysokaya varieties are especially winter-hardy. Variety "Zorenka Altai" is characterized by very good productivity.
In the Urals, raspberries are best placed in the back of the garden, so the bushes will be protected from the wind, which in this area is very much. The bush will be able to protect the high fence from gusts of wind, the main thing is that it does not cast a shadow on the plantings.
Siberia
In Siberia, very severe frosts can reach 40-50 degrees with a minus sign. Therefore, especially for Siberia, agronomists developed frost-resistant varieties. These include - “Kuzmin’s News”, “Vishluha”, “Altai”. Black berries “Turn” and “Corner” and yellow “Gift of Siberia”, “Luck” also have special frost resistance.
The best place for a raspberry will be a natural hill or artificial hill. So the soil will warm up quickly, and raspberries can easily recover after a long winter.
Also in Siberia, raspberries can be planted on logs laid down trenches. This will help the plant survive the harsh Siberian winter. The roots will not immediately touch the frozen ground and will be able to tolerate low temperatures without damage.
For winter, young raspberries need to be covered. Tarpaulin or other lightweight fabric is usually used as covering material.
Volga region
The Volga Region is an area with risky farming. In this region, the climate changes very often and it is necessary to predict the moment when planting raspberries.
It is best to plant raspberries when the first snow has come down. In the Volga region, frost is very rare in spring, so the beginning of April is an ideal time. If frost does occur, then raspberries will easily transfer them. The following qualities of raspberries are also important for this region:
- stable yield;
- transportability.
Studies have shown that in this region such varieties as Volnitsa, Balsam and Gusar fruit well. Varieties "Volnitsa" and "Hussar" are also distinguished by high productivity.
The middle strip of Russia
It is best in the middle zone of Russia that medium-sized, frost-resistant shrubs take root. Raspberry variety “Balm” is distinguished by special winter hardiness and productivity. The berries of this variety are of medium size, ruby color. Also, this raspberry variety is highly resistant to disease.
High frost resistance is distinguished by the Meteor raspberry variety. It grows up to 2 m in height and has a high yield. Usually it ripens in late June, the berries are very bright and fragrant.
Regardless of the selected region, in order to get a rich harvest, it is worth remembering the following facts and rules:
- You can plant raspberries in both bush and trench ways. It depends on the personal desire of the gardener.
- You can plant the berry both in autumn and spring. But it’s best to do this in spring.
- Raspberries planted in spring will yield crops only for the next year.
- Plant raspberries better in a place protected from the wind so that there are no other shrubs nearby.
- Be sure to feed raspberries.
- Each region has its own planting rules and varieties that can grow in this climate.
Common mistakes when planting raspberries in spring
Each gardener wants the berries to grow large and tasty, getting a big crop every raspberry season. This will be possible provided that the following errors are not made:
- Do not ignore defects, traces of diseases and parasites that appear on the cuttings. If you notice this early, it can be cured without harm to the bush.
- There should not be other shrubs and large trees near raspberries.
- Do not plant raspberries in the shade of buildings.
- Do not plant raspberries in clay and heavy soils; it will not take root in such a land.
- Do not plant seedlings in a place where before that something grew immediately, take a short break.
- Carefully cut raspberries so that this procedure does not harm the bush.
- Do not plant raspberries deep in the ground. If the neck of the seedling is in the ground, then the stem will rot and the berry will die. But also you can not leave the bush on the surface.
If you follow all these rules, then the bush will delight you with an abundant harvest of delicious and fragrant berries.
Raspberries are a very unpretentious berry and if you follow simple rules, you can collect a rich harvest of fragrant, juicy and very healthy raspberries. And if the climate in the region is mild, then the crop can be harvested even twice a year.